服务定位器模式
注：该模式被视为一种反模式。
一些人认为服务定位器模式是一种反模式，因为它违反了依赖倒置原则。服务定位器隐藏了类的依赖关系，而不是像使用依赖注入那样暴露它们。如果这些依赖关系发生了变化，你有可能破坏使用这些依赖的类的功能，导致系统变得难以维护。
目的
为了获得更好的可测试、可维护和可扩展的代码，服务定位器模式实现了松散耦合的架构。依赖注入模式和服务定位器模式是控制模式的一种实现。
用法
通过 ServiceLocator，你可以为一个给定的接口注册一个服务。利用该接口，你可以在不知道具体实现的情况下，检索接口服务并在应用程序中使用它。你可以在加载时配置和注入 ServiceLocator 对象。
UML 类图
代码
Service.php
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| <?php
namespace DesignPatterns\Extend\ServiceLocator;
interface Service
{
}
|
ServiceLocator.php
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| <?php declare(strict_types = 1);
namespace DesignPatterns\Extend\ServiceLocator;
use OutOfRangeException;
use InvalidArgumentException;
class ServiceLocator
{
private array $services = [];
private array $instantiated = [];
public function addInstance(string $class, Service $service)
{
$this->instantiated[$class] = $service;
}
public function addClass(string $class, array $params)
{
$this->services[$class] = $params;
}
public function has(string $interface): bool
{
return isset($this->services[$interface]) || isset($this->instantiated[$interface]);
}
public function get(string $class): Service
{
if (isset($this->instantiated[$class])) {
return $this->instantiated[$class];
}
$args = $this->services[$class];
switch (count($args)) {
case 0:
$object = new $class();
break;
case 1:
$object = new $class($args[0]);
break;
case 2:
$object = new $class($args[0], $args[1]);
break;
case 3:
$object = new $class($args[0], $args[1], $args[2]);
break;
default:
throw new OutOfRangeException('Too many arguments given');
}
if (!$object instanceof Service) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException('Could not register service: is no instance of Service');
}
$this->instantiated[$class] = $object;
return $object;
}
}
|
LogService.php
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| <?php declare(strict_types = 1);
namespace DesignPatterns\Extend\ServiceLocator;
class LogService implements Service
{
}
|
测试
Tests/ServiceLocatorTest.php
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| <?php declare(strict_types = 1);
namespace DesignPatterns\Extend\ServiceLocator\Tests;
use DesignPatterns\Extend\ServiceLocator\LogService;
use DesignPatterns\Extend\ServiceLocator\ServiceLocator;
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
class ServiceLocatorTest extends TestCase
{
private ServiceLocator $serviceLocator;
public function setUp(): void
{
$this->serviceLocator = new ServiceLocator();
}
public function testHasServices()
{
$this->serviceLocator->addInstance(LogService::class, new LogService());
$this->assertTrue($this->serviceLocator->has(LogService::class));
$this->assertFalse($this->serviceLocator->has(self::class));
}
public function testGetWillInstantiateLogServiceIfNoInstanceHasBeenCreatedYet()
{
$this->serviceLocator->addClass(LogService::class, []);
$logger = $this->serviceLocator->get(LogService::class);
$this->assertInstanceOf(LogService::class, $logger);
}
}
|
